Endocrine Abstracts

Adrenal insufficiency is serious, life-threatening condition. Classical features include nausea, malaise, weight loss and hypotension. It is usually diagnosed at a late stage only when it presents as adrenal crisis. We report a patient with autoimmune adrenal insufficiency who presented with chronic hyponatremia and a repeatedly normal serum cortisol level. A 66-year-old female was referred to endocrinology with a 12-month history of hyponatraemia (Na 125–131 mmol/l). She...

Section 1: Case history: A 37-year-old South Asian woman was referred to our diabetes clinic from the Diabetes Eye Screening Programme. Her retinal blood vessels appeared white, in contrast to the normal pink-red colour. The patient was diagnosed with diabetes secondary to chronic pancreatitis a year prior to this presentation, for which she was on metformin and long-acting insulin but had suboptimal control and multiple hospitalisations with chronic pancreatitis. She was prev...

Background: Overshoot of weight regain following the treatment of hyperthyroidism is well described. Notwithstanding, there is a large interindividual variability in the observed weight changes. This study aims to identify parameters predicting excessive weight gain in hyperthyroidism patients.Methods: In a retrospective study of a prospectively completed database, we recruited consecutive patients with overt hyperthyroi...

Aim: To know the compliance on management of inpatient hypoglycaemia among diabetic inpatients admitted for non-critical illness at Bronglais General Hospital based on JBDS guidelines Method: A retrospective collection of data of diabetes patients from EMR and patient files over the period of 6 months from September 2022 to March 2023, who were admitted for various conditions and developed hypoglycemia during their stay ...

Introduction: While there is a significant risk of recurrence in nonfunctioning pituitary adenoma (NFPA) after surgery, it is challenging to predict which NFPAs will recur based solely on routine histopathology. To better understand markers of recurrence, we assessed the established tumor markers linked to aggressive tumor behavior including X-linked IAP (XIAP), the most potent inhibitor of the apoptosis protein family, vascular epithelial growth factor (VEGF) which facilitate...

Vitamin D plays a key role in the control of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), acting as negative regulator of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone-system (RAAS), whereas calcium directly affects central blood pressure (BP) control center, nucleus tractus solitarus. We investigated associations between plasma concentrations of vitamin D and calcium and BP in 100 hypertensive CVDs patients and 100 normotensive subjects of 21–60 years. Vitamin D concentrations were measured using EC...

Arginine vasopressin (AVP) is a neurohormone, which regulates blood and extracellular fluid volume and hence blood pressure (BP). AVP has its chief action in kidneys where it reduces flow of urine, increases permeability of convoluted tubules of kidneys to water and its reabsorption. It binds to receptors on sweat glands and decreases water loss by perspiration from the skin. Also, AVP binds to peripheral arteriolar receptors, causing vasoconstriction and increase in BP. The s...

The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) is an endocrine system within the body that is essential for regulation of blood pressure (BP) and fluid balance. The system is mainly comprised of three hormones renin, angiotensin II (Ang II) and aldosterone. The RAAS pathway is initiated in the kidney with the proteolytic conversion of liver derived angiotensinogen to angiotensin I (Ang I) by renin secreted by juxtaglomerular apparatus of the nephron. Ang I is cleaved by angio...

We present a 70-year-old female who was initially referred to the endocrinology clinic for an assessment of her type 2 diabetes mellitus. She has a complex medical history including treated hypothyroidism, mastectomy for breast cancer and ongoing yearly surveillance for an excised benign lung lesion. On further questioning she acknowledged feeling generally unwell in the days prior to her appointment and had self-presented to the emergency department with undiagnosed hypertens...

Thyroid cancer is the most common endocrine malignancy with an increasing incidence globally predominantly due to the papillary thyroid carcinoma subtype. It is the 17th and 20th most common malignancy in females and males respectively. In 2018, Cancer Research UK reported 3865 new cases and 400 deaths. Mortality rates are predicted to continue to rise in the UK with an estimated rate of 1 per 100,000 deaths in 2035. We present a 42-year-old female who pr...